Improvement in brick-kilns



W. HALLAM.

Brick Kiln.

Patented Sept. 28, 1869.

o ggf/w?? x N. PETERS. PHOTOL.ITHOGRAPHE iutrd t/.taies WILLIAM HALLAM, 4or CHELTENHAM, MISSOURI.

Letters Patent No. 95,339, dated September 28, 1 869.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-KILNS.

The `Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part or me same.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, WILLIAMHALLAM, of Cheltenham, in the county of St. Louis, and State of Missouri, have made certain vnew and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full and true description thereof, reference being had .to the accompanying drawings, andv to the letters of reference marked thereon.

.This invention relates principally7to the arrangement of ues circumferentially about the bridge-wall 'of a brick or other kiln, so'as to distribute the heat more perfectly; to the construction of the kiln and its fines and bridge-wall, to cause the hot 'air and gas of combustion to rise up and deflect in the vertical axis of the kiln to its base, and then pass radially to the rising ues in the outer wall, to a space between the crowns, and therefrom to the chimney; and said invention relates, lastly, to the arrangement of steam-escape passages at the base of the kiln, thereby discharging the moisture advantageously'. 4

To enable those herein skilled to make and use my said improvements, I will now more fully describe the same, referring to the accompanying- Figure l as a vertical sectional elevation at line Figure 2 as a sectional elevation at line :el y1.

Figure 3 is a sectional plan at line x2 y2, showing my said kiln in a form adapted for burning or calcining fire-brick or common brick, tiles, and similar materials.

I use, by preference, a circular form of kiln, although other forms may be used.

Upon a foundation, A, I raise the bridge-wall B and the enclosing wall C to a proper height, say four feet, the external wall receiving the fireplaces D.

Above the said height the bridge-wall is built, of

dry wall, (loose brick,) in the usual manner, while the wallsG' are built as substantially as ordinary. brickand-mortar walls generally Aare made, and usually with a re-brick innerl lining, and are arranged with doors or openings for inserting the green brick in the kiln.

Upon the walls C' are the crown .E and El, forming an intermediate passage, E2, which communicates with the chimney, or smoke-stack' F. -The' crownsE and' in iig. 3. Said fines have suitable dampers to regulate the air flow. v

To distribute the heated gases as they pass out of` the chamber D', the bridge-wall B has the fines b, thus causing said gases to pass to all points on the circumference of the bridge-wall.

Lhis part of the bridge-wall, in which are the said distributing-fines, will be built of good brick masonry, laid-in mortar, to give the same the proper permanency. A

The greenbrick are piled in the usual manner, to extend the bridge up higher, and the said brick are piled within the kiln otherwise as usual.

The products of combustion pass up outside of the o 'ner crown E, move toward the vcentre of the kiln.

Said gases then pass down to the base of the kiln', to

enter the radial fines G, which carry the same to the ascending ilues H', built inthe walls C O.

'f By means of said ilues, the gases reach the space E2, between the crowns, and here again there is usually a second 'or iinal combustion of such gases as have es-y capedA the complete oxidation in the furnaces and lower uesand passages.

The chamber E2, therefore, acts as a top heater, while lthe vertical lues leading thereto act as side enclosures, to case the inner kiln in a heated-gas envelopment. The gases finally escape at the chimney F.

Dampers are arranged in the several ilues and at the chimney, to regulate and control the heat, and to preserve the same i'n the usual manner.

In order to lead ,oii the moist air and steam escaping from the green brick as readilyas possible, and to prevent the same from rising in the kiln, to cause damage and inconvenience, VI arrange the steam fines I between the fire-places, and running radially to the inside' of the bridge-wall, about on a line with the top of the foundation A.

My said kiln is fired and charged with brick in the -usual manner, but by the action of the improved arrangement and vconstruction of the parts hereinbefore described, the calcined brick thus made is thoroughly burned, and presents true unwarped edges, while the operation of burning with said kiln is in a high degree economical and certain of result, even with material requiring the highest heats, such as fire-clay.A v '-Having thus fully described my invention, What I claim, isg 1. The bridge-wall B, arranged with distributingues bfand combined with the furnaces D D', sub stantially as set forth.

2. The arrangement of fines, furnaces, and bridgewall in such manner that the heated gases shall 3. The steam-passages I, arranged at the base of lise in the annular chamber, without; the bridge-wall, the kiln, Substantially as and for the purposes set then pass down the centre of the kiln te the base forth. u thereof, to be carried 'co the circumference, and A, WILLIAM HALLAM. rise to the chamber between the double crown, and Witnesses:

from there pass to. the chimney, substantially as de- GEO.' P. HERTHEL, Jr.,

scribed. ,WILLIAM W, HERTHEL. 

